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干法脫硫過程多數(shù)屬氣固反應，速度相對較低，煙氣在反應器中的流速較慢，延長反應時間，故設備較龐大，但脫硫后的煙氣降溫較少或不降溫，故不需再加熱（耗能少），即可滿足排放擴散要求。此外，二次污染少、無結垢、堵塞、可靠性高。
The process of dry desulfurization is mostly gas solid reaction, the velocity is relatively low, the flow velocity of the flue gas in the reactor is slow and the reaction time is prolonged, so the equipment is large, but the flue gas after the desulphurization is less cooling or not cooling, so it does not need to be reheated (less energy consumption), which can satisfy the demand of emission diffusion. Besides, the two pollution is less, no scaling, blockage and high reliability.
1、粉煤灰干式脫硫
1. Dry fly ash desulphurization
脫硫劑由粉煤灰、消石灰和石膏為原料，制成顆粒狀將它們裝在吸收塔中形成移動層。當脫硫劑在塔中自上而下地移動時，其中的消石灰氫氧化鈣與煙氣中的二氧化硫反應生成石膏，而脫硫劑中的煤灰和石膏則起活性媒體的作用。用過后的脫硫劑還可以作為生產(chǎn)脫硫劑的原料再被重新利用。
The desulphurizer is made from fly ash, hydrated lime and gypsum as raw material and granulated into a absorber. When the desulfurizer moves up and down from the tower to the tower, the calcium hydroxide of the desulfurizer reacts with the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to produce gypsum, while the fly ash and gypsum in the desulfurizer play the role of active media. The desulfurizer after use can also be used as raw material for producing desulfurizer.
2、BF移動床活性炭脫硫
2 and BF moving bed activated carbon desulphurization
用活性炭作脫硫劑，在脫硫移動床中與約100℃煙氣錯流接觸，以脫除二氧化硫，脫硫率90％以上。吸附了二氧化硫的活性炭在再生移動床中與 500～ 600 ℃熱砂（或其它熱載）體合，被炭還原成二氧化硫逸出，用于制硫酸，向煙氣中添加氨用雙層床處理，可同時脫除80%的二氧化氮。
Activated carbon is used as desulfurizer to cross the contact with flue gas at about 100 degrees in a desulphurization mobile bed to remove sulfur dioxide, and the desulfurization rate is over 90%. The activated carbon adsorbed sulfur dioxide in the regenerated mobile bed is combined with hot sand (or other hot load) at 500~600 C, and is reduced to sulfur dioxide by carbon. It is used to make sulphuric acid, and the ammonia is added to the flue gas to be treated with a double layer bed, and 80% nitrogen dioxide can be removed at the same time.
3、噴霧千燥法
3. Spray drying method
它是七十年代發(fā)展起來的。它是用石灰獎作脫硫劑，用霧化器將石灰漿水溶液噴入吸收塔內，石灰漿以極細的霧滴與煙氣中的二氧化硫接觸。并發(fā)生化學反應，生成亞硫酸鈣和硫酸鈣。利用煙氣中的熱量使霧滴的水份汽化，干燥后的粉未隨脫硫后的煙氣帶走，用除塵器捕集，脫硫率70～90％；當Ca／S—1.5時，脫硫率為85％，這是～種在濕狀態(tài)下脫硫。在干狀態(tài)下處理脫硫產(chǎn)物的方法，亦稱為半干式。噴霧干燥加布袋除塵，脫硫率可達90％以上．允許煤含硫量可達3％，可與濕法相競爭，這種方法的主要特點是；因吸收塔出來的廢料是干的，與濕式石灰石法相比．省去了龐大的廢料處理系統(tǒng)，使工藝流程大為簡化，該法的關鍵技術是石灰石漿液的霧化器和吸收干燥塔?，F(xiàn)在使用廣泛的是離心轉盤霧化器。因此，該法在我國應用前景好。
It was developed in 70s. It uses lime as a desulphurizer, and uses atomizer to spray lime solution into the absorption tower. The lime slurry contacts the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas with very fine droplets. A chemical reaction was made to form calcium sulfite and calcium sulphate. Using the heat in the flue gas to vaporize the water of the droplet, the dried powder is not taken away with the flue gas after the desulphurization, and the desulfurization rate is 70 ~ 90%. When Ca / S - 1.5, the desulfurization rate is 85%, which is the kind of desulfurization in the wet state. The method of treating desulfurization products under dry condition is also called semi dry. The rate of desulphurization can reach more than 90%. The sulfur content of the allowed coal can reach 3%. It can compete with the wet process. The main feature of this method is that the waste from the absorption tower is dry. Compared with the wet limestone method, the huge waste disposal system is saved and the process is simplified. The key technology is the atomizer of limestone slurry and the absorption drying tower. The most widely used is the centrifugal rotary atomizer. Therefore, the application of this method is good in our country.
4、電子束照射法
4. Electron beam irradiation
其原理是：含水分的煙氣在電子束的照射下，煙氣中的水被激活裂解成HO、O等強氧化劑，能迅速將二氧化硫和二氧化氮氧化成三氧化硫和五氧化二氮，再與添加的氨化合成硫銨和硝銨，用除塵器收集作為肥料付產(chǎn)品。脫硫率90％，脫硝率80％。整套裝置電耗高，約占廠發(fā)電量的10％。
The principle is that water containing water is irradiated by electron beam, and the water in the flue gas is activated cracking into strong oxidants such as HO, O and so on. It can quickly oxidize sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide into three sulphur oxide and nitrogen pentoxide, and then synthesize ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate with the added ammoniation. The desulphurization rate is 90%, and the denitrification rate is 80%. The whole unit has a high power consumption, accounting for about 10% of the plant's power generation.